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http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNjY4NjE1OTQ4.htmlI came across this TED talk yesterday in which Chris Lonsdale, a psychologist from New Zealand talks about language learning. He believes that anybody can learn a language in six months if they follow the five principles and seven actions that he has formulated after assessing all the research available on language learning.
7 E% p$ o* z- J: p; d0 G昨天我看了一个TED演讲，来自新西兰的语言学家Chris Lonsdale讲了语言学习的方法。在评估了所有语言学习的研究之后，他总结出了5个原则、7个行动。他相信只要遵从这5个原则、践行这7个行动，任何人都能在6个月内学会一种外语。+ Z2 P, d L9 P0 V s; h& J9 Q1 S
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The five principles are:
' [1 _0 U9 d* o5个原则：2 s5 C; }5 J( J6 n( W9 a% K
1. Focus on language content that is relevant to you.
: C0 d' l% ~0 i p2 Y+ x7 x专注和你日常相关的语言内容。
/ B4 @- b. I5 Z: D9 x( ]6 X$ ~2. Use your language as a tool to communicate from day 1.5 ]" S% ~! r' N: q
从学习这门语言的第一天开始，就把它当做你的交流方式。7 n2 v8 M2 Q7 j7 J Z
3. When you understand the message you will acquire the language unconsciously.8 r0 Q/ I$ h& U6 W
当你明白含义之后，你会慢慢不知不觉地习得这门语言。
4 Z: F$ m4 J- a9 r: \8 s, s4. Language is not about accumulating a lot of knowledge but is rather a type of physiological training.
3 ~8 s) z' z0 M( b3 }- i. u语言学习不是大量知识的积累，而更像是一种生理训练。
- p' R6 S1 @- p# T4 v% K/ _5. Psycho-physiological state matters – you need to be happy, relaxed, and most importantly, you need to be tolerant of ambiguity. Don’t try to understand every detail as it will drive you crazy.+ A- ~, S7 |2 |& y
心理状态和生理状态都很重要：你需要愉快、放松，最重要的是对于模棱两可要有一定容忍性。对于细枝末节不要过于纠结，因为那会把你逼疯的。6 g( Z7 a1 p. ^. j! P- V/ ]
" b9 w- R0 v9 b( H) z' Y: n' JThe seven actions are:3 M* W: ?8 C" r3 Y( Q; C F: n1 v
7个行动：* @+ m; k) \& d) Z& j
1. Listen a lot – it doesn’t matter if you understand or not. Listen to rhythms and patterns.+ \6 d* I7 P+ ?) l$ s9 w" B# H( h
多听——理解与否不重要，尽管去听吧！去听听语言节奏和说话模式。
' r1 a7 H" u8 ]5 z- B, n3 g9 x( t2. Focus on getting the meaning first, before the words. Body language and facial expressions can help.7 ?( }: g. U9 c! _; p; @) P0 N
先专注理解整体意思，再弄清单词含义。身体语言和面部表情会有所帮助。
9 x) l" e" [% H ~" I5 s5 ~7 q3. Start mixing, get creative, and use what you’re learning
% f4 @1 n5 @! w4 `: G9 C开始混合，创造话语并使用你所学到的一切。# o/ M% R$ n( V, a4 i7 |9 x0 W0 X, M+ @
4. Focus on the core – use the most commonly-use the words, and use the language to learn more
# s, f) u6 `* Y* |把注意力集中在核心部分——使用高频词汇，利用你已经学会的东西学到更多。 O1 H2 J8 [ @+ m! ]* p- ~0 o
5. Get a language parent – someone who is fluent in the language and who will do their best to understand what you mean; who will not correct your mistakes; who will feedback their understanding of what you’re saying using correct language, and uses words that you know.6 T( q4 Y7 }1 U4 I
找个语伴——能流利讲这门语言的人，或者能尽可能理解你说什么的人。注意，语伴不会纠正你的错误，但能够用正确的语言、你明白的语言来对你的表现做出反馈。" |8 h4 Z+ q5 W% n
6. Copy the face – watch native speakers and observe their face, and particular their mouth moves when they’re speaking.8 V; d5 v/ ~+ ^0 Y/ @
模仿面部表情——有些人的母语正是你要学习的新语言，你要观看他们讲话，观察他们的面部表情、尤其是讲话时的嘴型。
: Y" i$ `4 D! l6 m7. “Direct connect” to the target language – find ways to connect words directly with images and other internal representations.
5 a$ K& L% v; B( W在大脑和目的语之间建立“直接联系”——想办法让语言和大脑中的图像或其他内部表象产生直接联系。 |
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发表于 2014-5-10 19:59:24
