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http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNjY4NjE1OTQ4.htmlI came across this TED talk yesterday in which Chris Lonsdale, a psychologist from New Zealand talks about language learning. He believes that anybody can learn a language in six months if they follow the five principles and seven actions that he has formulated after assessing all the research available on language learning.8 q' T! z% P# H9 O, u
昨天我看了一个TED演讲，来自新西兰的语言学家Chris Lonsdale讲了语言学习的方法。在评估了所有语言学习的研究之后，他总结出了5个原则、7个行动。他相信只要遵从这5个原则、践行这7个行动，任何人都能在6个月内学会一种外语。/ X3 g/ D+ m0 m& C) P3 ~6 L
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The five principles are:" ~! @* Z/ Q$ [' Z! H. I+ _1 E4 [
5个原则：
$ e) {2 |, W: b1. Focus on language content that is relevant to you.
R* Y# A5 v/ I9 q& B专注和你日常相关的语言内容。
; M: k- J- p, m. Q2. Use your language as a tool to communicate from day 1.# N+ T; n# [. X: S6 @$ w" \( N
从学习这门语言的第一天开始，就把它当做你的交流方式。4 ?5 R: L- l' B) d
3. When you understand the message you will acquire the language unconsciously.) ?$ s p9 F8 \& V0 [
当你明白含义之后，你会慢慢不知不觉地习得这门语言。
) q' S0 |, l, l: q A: g- _2 L4. Language is not about accumulating a lot of knowledge but is rather a type of physiological training.% j+ I) o8 ^1 V+ k) ?; g7 N
语言学习不是大量知识的积累，而更像是一种生理训练。! W+ c% _# R; ^" Q; h8 H
5. Psycho-physiological state matters – you need to be happy, relaxed, and most importantly, you need to be tolerant of ambiguity. Don’t try to understand every detail as it will drive you crazy.4 O0 g* d: K* V3 |- ?# W7 R3 n
心理状态和生理状态都很重要：你需要愉快、放松，最重要的是对于模棱两可要有一定容忍性。对于细枝末节不要过于纠结，因为那会把你逼疯的。9 A% r6 w1 V* ]
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The seven actions are:
/ b ^3 J F' p/ N1 ?4 r7个行动：5 D2 c# e/ i3 y# U
1. Listen a lot – it doesn’t matter if you understand or not. Listen to rhythms and patterns.
* |: i' h2 T, l0 P6 t3 J+ |- i7 O多听——理解与否不重要，尽管去听吧！去听听语言节奏和说话模式。
. Z. L8 x, m5 I5 Y3 A2. Focus on getting the meaning first, before the words. Body language and facial expressions can help.
t8 o4 L/ [ M6 Q: U6 F( V先专注理解整体意思，再弄清单词含义。身体语言和面部表情会有所帮助。/ Q$ z4 ?% E0 E& M& y9 P2 U- o
3. Start mixing, get creative, and use what you’re learning
, t6 B1 O6 h* M开始混合，创造话语并使用你所学到的一切。
5 P o* P8 |% {5 i! |! F- ^/ |4. Focus on the core – use the most commonly-use the words, and use the language to learn more/ D8 Y: g5 g: n& M9 m
把注意力集中在核心部分——使用高频词汇，利用你已经学会的东西学到更多。& y; P a/ [/ K1 Q' H M/ x
5. Get a language parent – someone who is fluent in the language and who will do their best to understand what you mean; who will not correct your mistakes; who will feedback their understanding of what you’re saying using correct language, and uses words that you know.
6 ]; m0 n, H5 y1 `" \ k' X; [ h7 I找个语伴——能流利讲这门语言的人，或者能尽可能理解你说什么的人。注意，语伴不会纠正你的错误，但能够用正确的语言、你明白的语言来对你的表现做出反馈。
% g9 ]9 Z0 X$ ?/ c6. Copy the face – watch native speakers and observe their face, and particular their mouth moves when they’re speaking. T& U) y$ @, `* T; e3 }
模仿面部表情——有些人的母语正是你要学习的新语言，你要观看他们讲话，观察他们的面部表情、尤其是讲话时的嘴型。9 x$ S% w. Z; e D- J1 [. M
7. “Direct connect” to the target language – find ways to connect words directly with images and other internal representations.& n: _/ s9 Y0 L9 V
在大脑和目的语之间建立“直接联系”——想办法让语言和大脑中的图像或其他内部表象产生直接联系。 |
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发表于 2014-5-10 19:59:24
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